Studies

EFFECTS OF RICH POLYPHENOLS OLIVE TREE EXTRACT ON
INFLAMMATION AND PAIN IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID
ARTHRITIS: A 8-WEEKS RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLIND,
PLACEBO-CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL
Ghanam Jamal, Laaboudi W and Benlemlih M*
Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Science Dhar El Mahraz, P.O. Box 1796, Atlas-Fez, University Sidi Mohammed Ben
Abdellah, Fez, Morocco.
Article Info
Received 09/01/2015
Revised 16/02/2015
Accepted 01/03/2015
Key words: –
Rheumatoid arthritis;
Olive tree extract;
Inflammatory
biomarkers; Pain
intensity; Randomized
clinical trial.

ABSTRACT

Olive tree polyphenols have been known as natural anti-inflammatory agents. The aim of the current clinical trial was to assess the therapeutic effect of an olive tree extract with high polyphenols content on inflammatory process and pain intensity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. This is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Ninety RA patients were randomized into two groups; treated group received a daily dose of 3 g of olive extract (6 capsules, 500 mg each) during 8 weeks, while patients in placebo group received capsules with maltodextrin. Laboratory analysis, questionnaires administration, pain intensity, and inflammatory biomarkers were determined at the baseline and the end of the trial. Doctors assessed potential adverse effects of olive tree extract through the period of study. Significant decrease in disease activity score has shown at the end of intervention in the treated group and between groups (P<0.0001). Compared to the placebo group, inflammatory biomarkers decreased significantly in treated participants (P<0.0001). The changes from baseline in treated group were -1.37 mg/L (CI, -2.71 to -1.57 mg/L), -2.14 pg/mL (CI, -2.71 to -1.57), -1.046 pg/mL (CI, -1.50 to -0.59) and -1795 pg/mL (CI, -2283 to -1308) for hs-CRP, IL-6, TNF-α and PGE2 respectively. Pain relief and global participants satisfaction increased significantly (P<0.0001) after 8 weeks of olive tree extract supplementation. Results obtained after 2 months of supplementation demonstrate for the first time the potential therapeutic effect of olive tree extract with high polyphenols content against inflammation and associated pain in RA.

ANTICANCER EFFECT OF AN OLIVE TREE EXTRACT THROUGH ITS CYTOTOXIC, ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIANGIOGENIC ACTIVITIES
Laure Eloy2, Thierry CRESTEIL2,3, Jamal GHANAM1, Wafa LAABOUDI1, and Mohammed BENLEMLIH1
3 IPSIT, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Sud, 92290 Chatenay-Malabry, France.
2 ICSN-CNRS UPR 2301, Avenue de la terrasse, 91190 Gif sur Yvette, France.
1 Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Science Dhar El Mahraz University Sidi
Mohamed Ben Abdellah, P.O. Box 1796 Atlas, Fez-Morocco.
Key words: Olive tree extract; Anticancerous; Cytotoxic; Antioxidant; Antiangiogenic.

ABSTRACT

The aim of the current study was to evaluate the anticancerous potential of a phenolic olive tree extract through his cytotoxic, antioxidant and antiangiogenic activities. The in vitro cytotoxic activity of a crude olive tree extract and his major constitutive components has been evaluated against human KB, HL60 cancer cell lines using MTS and flow cytometry. ROS production was estimated with the DCFH-DA assay. Antiangiogenic activity was evaluated in vitro on endothelial cells tube formation and the pro-angiogenic factor expression was quantified using qRT-PCR. In vitro cellular assays have demonstrated the cytotoxic effect of the crude olive tree extract. This extract reduces significantly (p<0.05) ROS produced in cells exposed to oxidative stress. Beside this, olive tree extract has demonstrated a strong anti-angiogenic activity, which was correlated with a significant decrease (p<0.05) in VEGF, angiopoietin and HIF1α expression. Basically, the evaluation of anti-proliferative, antioxidant and anti-angiogenic activities could be the first step to formulate an efficient pharmaceutical product with preventive and/or curative properties against cancer.

HYPOGLYCEMIC AND HYPOLIPIDEMIC EFFECTS OF PHENOLIC OLIVE TREE EXTRACT IN STREPTOZOTOCIN DIABETIC RATS
WAFA LAABOUDI*, JAMAL GHANAM1, OUMAIMA GHOUMARI1, FATIHA SOUNNI1, MOHAMMED MERZOUKI1, MOHAMED BENLEMLIH1
Keywords: Olive leaves, Olive fruit, Polyphenols, Antidiabetic, Streptozotocin, In vivo

ABSTRACT

Objective: The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of an olive tree extract with high polyphenols content on blood glucose level and other related parameters in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
Methods: Diabetes was induced in rats by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (55 mg/kg bw). 72h after injection, rats with fasting blood glucose higher than 2 g/l were used for the experiments. Olive tree extract was administered for 28 d and blood glucose level was measured every 4
Total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, creatinine, urea, total protein, uric acid, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels, were determined at the end of the experiment.
Results: The oral administration of olive tree extract contributes to blood glucose level decreasing in diabetic rats group, which was significantly lower at 4th week compared to the diabetic control rats. Moreover, supplementation by olive tree extract decreased significantly (p<0.05) the values of total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, creatinine, urea, total protein, uric acid, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase resulting from damage caused by streptozotocin treatment. Beside this, significant reduce (p<0.05) in heart disease risk ratio was observed for treated group (4.1±0.14) compared to untreated group (7.64±0.36), which was quite similar to normal rats (4.50±0.36). Studied olive tree extract effects were similar to those of glibenclamide, a well-known antidiabetic drug.
Conclusion: Results herein obtained reveal the hypoglycemic effect of this olive tree extract, suggesting his potential use as a natural antidiabetic agent.

ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANALGESIC ACTIVITIES OF OLIVE TREE EXTRACT Original Article

WAFA LAABOUDI*, JAMAL GHANAM1, HALA AISSAM1, MOHAMMED MERZOUKI1, MOHAMED BENLEMLIH1
Received: 08 Apr 2016 Revised and Accepted: 20 May 2016 Biotechnology Laboratory,
Faculty of Science Dhar El Mahraz, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah-Fez–Morocco
Keywords: Olive leaves, Olive fruit, Polyphenols, Anti-inflammatory, and Analgesic, In vivo

ABSTRACT

Objective: The aim of this study was the in vivo evaluation of analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect of an olive tree extract with high polyphenols content.
Methods: This olive tree extract was obtained from Moroccan olive fruits and leaves using an eco-extraction free of chemical solvents and toxic additives. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using carrageenan and histamine-induced paw edema methods. Analgesic activity of the olive tree extract was estimated against a hot plate, acetic acid induced writhing and formalin tests.
Results: The extracts showed significant anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities with a dose-dependent manner. Anti-inflammatory activity of olive tree extract at 250 and 500 mg/kg doses was more important compared to the used standard drugs (p<0.05), in both carrageenan and histamine-induced paw edema tests. In analgesic assays, results showed that 500 mg/kg dose of olive tree extract has a significant analgesic effect through both peripheral and central mechanisms.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that olive tree extract is safe and has potential anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities, which promote this use as a food supplement against pain and inflammation related to inflammatory diseases.